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1: Biochem Pharmacol. 2008 Oct 1;76(7):862-72. Epub 2008 Jul 19.
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Celecoxib inhibits 5-lipoxygenase.

Maier TJ, Tausch L, Hoernig M, Coste O, Schmidt R, Angioni C, Metzner J, Groesch S, Pergola C, Steinhilber D, Werz O, Geisslinger G.

Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt/Main, Germany. maier@pharmchem.uni-frankfurt.de

Celecoxib is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor used in the therapy of inflammatory and painful conditions. Various COX-2-independent pharmacological effects, such as a chemo-preventive and tumor-regressive activity have been suggested, but the respective non-COX-2 targets of celecoxib are still a matter of research. We now demonstrate that celecoxib inhibits 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), a key enzyme in leukotriene (LT) biosynthesis. Celecoxib suppressed 5-LO product formation in ionophore A23187-activated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (IC(50) approximately 8 microM). Similarly, celecoxib inhibited LTB(4) formation in human whole blood (IC(50) approximately 27.3 microM). Direct interference of 5-LO with celecoxib was visualized by inhibition of enzyme catalysis both in cell homogenates and with purified 5-LO (IC(50) approximately 23.4 and 24.9 microM, respectively). Related lipoxygenases (12-LO and 15-LO) were not affected by celecoxib. Other COX-2 inhibitors (etoricoxib and rofecoxib) or unselective NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, diclofenac) failed to inhibit 5-LO. In rats which received celecoxib (i.p.), the blood LTB(4) levels were dose-dependently reduced with an ED(50) value approximately 35.2 mg/kg. Together, celecoxib is a direct inhibitor of 5-LO in vitro and in vivo. These findings provide a potential molecular basis for some of the described COX-2-independent pharmacological effects of celecoxib.

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PMID: 18692027 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]